A theoretical model is a simplified representation or framework that describes the relationships between different variables or concepts in a research study. It is often used to guide research, hypothesis testing, and data analysis. Theoretical models help researchers to understand complex phenomena by breaking them down into simpler components and illustrating how these components interact with each other. Theoretical models can vary in complexity, from simple diagrams to elaborate mathematical equations. They are commonly used in various fields such as psychology, economics, sociology, and physics to help researchers develop hypotheses, make predictions, and guide the design of experiments. Overall, theoretical models play a crucial role in the research process by providing a conceptual foundation for studying and understanding the relationships between different variables in a systematic and structured manner.